Metal teeming apparatus



July 20, 1937 R. J. TULLY METAL; TEEMING APPARATUS Fild June 21, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ROBE/2T J. T/LL hwenfor y fx/vuz/ WM 5/5 4/70/77? .5

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 4/70/77 eya.

July 20, 1937 R. J. TULLY METAL TEEMING APPARATUS Filed June 21, 1954 EOBEET J. TULL Y,

Patented July 20, 1937 UNITED" STATES PATENT OFFICE This invention relates to metal teeming operations, one of the objects being to teem metal into ingot molds in such a manner that there is no danger of the metal being thrown or splashed iagainst the sides of the molds. Further objects are the removal during teeming of at least some of the gases usually included. by molten metal, the production of sounder ingots and, in general, to improve on the usual practice of simply o teeming a more or less solid stream of metal directly into the molds.

Referring to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 illustrates apparatus disclosing the principles of the invention. 5 Figure 2 shows the side of this apparatus that is to the right in the first figure.

Figure 3 is a cross-section from the; line IIIIH in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of another form of such apparatus. More specifically, Figures 1 and 2 show an ingot mold i into which metal is to be teemed from a teeming ladle 2 by way of the latters nozzle 3. This ladle has' a relatively long depending spout 4 providing a spiraled passage 5 for metal flowing from the ladle, and spaced ducts 6 opening from this passage so that gases may escape therefrom. The lower end of this spout is provided with a laterally angularly directed nozzle I. I The spoutl is sufllciently long so that its lower end reaches at least almost to the bottom of the ingot mold when the ladle is positioned thereover, and its upper end is provided with a funnel 8 and arms 9, the latter being for the purpose of fastening the spout to the ladle. These arms may be apertured, and the ladle may-have apertured ears II) which project through the arms and through which wedges ii are passed to fasten the l spout to the ladle.

- Upward inclination of the ducts 6 prevents the metal from flowing through the sameduring normal operation. However, should the nozzle become stopped or the metal flow otherwise hin- 45 der ed, the metal can then flow through these ducts. The outer surface of the spout may be insulated against heat-losaas shown in section at l2, should there be any tendency of the metal to cool during casting.

50 Operation is fairly obvious. The ladle is gradually/raised during teeming so as to keep the nozzle 1 just above the rising surface of the metal. against the sides of the ingot mold. The tortu- 55v ous passage causes agitation of the metal so that No metal can be thrown or splashed.

gases tend to leave the same, the ducts 6 permitting their escape.

Since it is aspiraled passage, and the nozzle is laterally angularly directed, .the metal acquires a rotary motion in the mold so that a more nearly perfect ingot is obtained. Furthermore. this torturous passage functions to retard the velocity of the metal-flow so as to keep it within limits assuring safety to the nozzle and preventing too forcible injection into the mold. 10

Figure 4 shows a spout it that differs from that just described in'thalt overhanging portions l5 project into the tortuous passage l6 and the ducts I! open from the under sides of these portions and extend to the outside of the spout. Also, the nozzle l8 provides a spiraled-passage l9 that terminates in a laterally'angular direction.

Operation of the above is substantially the same asthe other, excepting that the metal is cascaded during its descent whereby better gas separation may logically be expected. If desirable,- it too may be insulated, as at 20.

It should be noted that inboth instances the velocity of the metal is kept down so that little or no splashing can occur. This low-velocity injection into the mold is also advantageous in preventing or, diminishing-the aspirating effect of the rapidly moving stream usually incidental to teeming from a large ladle.

Furthermore, the wide spread and open construction of. the arms 9 allows for observation of the nozzle in the ladle. In case of a complete stoppage of the spout,. the metal can still flow between these arms.

Although specific examples of the invention 5 are disclosed in accordance with the patent statutes, it is. to be understood that it-is not in- 'metal flowing from said ladle and spaced ducts opening from said passage so that gases may escape therefrom. said spout being sufliciently long so that its lower end reaches at least almost to the bottom of an ingot mold when said ladle is positioned thereover "and said end being provided with an angularly directed nozzle,

providing a tortuous passage throughout its length for metal being teemed, said spout being constructed to permit its insertion into a mold receiving said metal.

5. Metal teeming apparatus including a relatively long vertically depending tubular spout providing a tortuous passage throughout its length for metal being teemed, said spout being constructed to permit its insertion into a mold receiving said metal, and said passage terminat- 10 ing in spiral form.

ROBERT J. TULLY. 

